Don't pay a CAM reconciliation balance without this 12-point checklist covering GL exclusions, pro-rata math, management fees, and CAM caps.
Check your own documents before you keep researching.
Find My OverchargesFind overcharges in your CAM reconciliation. Most audits complete in under 5 minutes.
Find My OverchargesSee a sample report firstGather these documents before working through the checklist:
If any amendment modifies the original lease's CAM terms, use the amendment language, not the original.
Your landlord sends you a CAM reconciliation showing a balance due. It might be $3,000. It might be $28,000. Either way, you have a limited window to review it, and once that window closes, the ability to dispute most charges closes with it. Not sure how the reconciliation process works? Start with What Is CAM Reconciliation?.
Tango Analytics found that roughly 40% of commercial CAM reconciliations contain material errors (cited by PredictAP, February 2026). Most tenants pay without checking. The checklist below is what forensic auditors and property accountants look at first. Work through it before you write the check.
Any single line item over $5,000, roof repairs, HVAC replacements, parking lot resurfacing, elevator modernization, is a potential capital expenditure that should be amortized over its useful life, not expensed in full in a single year. Capital improvements that appear as operating expenses are the highest-yield finding in most forensic CAM audits.
To verify:
Review your lease's exclusions clause. Cross-reference reconciliation line items against any lease language excluding capital improvements. If you see a large one-time charge, ask the landlord to confirm whether it is a capital expenditure and, if so, what amortization period applies.
Your square footage in the reconciliation numerator should match the rentable square footage specified in your lease. Errors occur when landlords use a different SF figure, sometimes higher, sometimes reflecting an expansion that was measured differently than the lease specified.
To verify:
Pull your lease. Find the square footage defined for your space. Compare it to the figure used in the reconciliation's pro-rata share calculation.
The denominator is the total rentable square footage of the property used to compute your percentage. Errors here cause systemic overcharges, a wrong denominator affects every line item simultaneously. Common errors include: anchor tenants excluded from the denominator while their proportionate expenses remain in the pool, occupied-only SF used instead of total leasable SF, and denominators that haven't been updated after building remeasurement.
To verify:
Calculate your pro-rata share using the SF figures in your lease divided by the total building SF from the landlord's records. Compare to the percentage shown on your reconciliation. A 1–2% variance is material. For more on this topic, see why did my CAM share change?
Your lease specifies both the management fee percentage (typically 3–5%) and the base to which it applies, controllable expenses, all operating expenses, gross revenues, or another defined pool. Errors occur when the percentage exceeds the cap, when the fee is calculated on a broader base than the lease permits, or when admin fees are stacked on top of a management fee charge without lease authorization.
To verify:
Find your lease's management fee provision. Calculate the maximum permitted fee: Allowable base × Lease cap %. Compare to the actual charge in the reconciliation.
Gross-up provisions allow landlords to adjust variable expenses as if the building were at a specified occupancy level (typically 90–95%). The adjustment should apply only to variable expenses, utilities, janitorial, some HVAC costs. Applying gross-up to fixed costs like property taxes, insurance, or landscaping contracts is a lease violation.
To verify:
If the reconciliation shows a gross-up adjustment, identify which expense categories it applies to. Any fixed-cost category in the gross-up pool is a disputed charge. Also confirm that the occupancy percentage used matches the target specified in your lease's gross-up clause.
Many commercial leases cap year-over-year CAM increases, typically at 3–5%. The cap may apply to all CAM or only to "controllable" expenses. Violations occur when the increase exceeds the cap, or when landlords reclassify expenses as uncontrollable to exclude them from the cap calculation.
To verify:
Two formulas apply depending on your lease:
Maximum allowed = Prior year CAM × (1 + cap %)Maximum allowed = Base year CAM + (cap % × years elapsed × base year CAM)Compare your current-year charges against the applicable formula. If the increase exceeds your cap, you have a potential violation. See cumulative vs. compounded CAM caps for the full breakdown.
If you have a gross or modified gross lease with an expense stop, your CAM share is calculated on expenses above a base year threshold. Errors occur when the wrong year is designated as base, when the base year excludes categories that subsequent years include, or when one-time credits from the base year artificially inflate it.
To verify:
Confirm your lease identifies the base year and that the actual documented expenses from that year match the figure used in the reconciliation formula. For more, see base year errors in CAM reconciliation.
Insurance passthroughs should reflect the actual property insurance premiums for the specific property, not allocated portfolio rates, umbrella policy costs spread across multiple properties, or insurance on landlord-owned assets outside the property. Policy coverage should be commercially reasonable for the property type and size.
In London Trocadero (2015) LLP v. Picturehouse Cinemas Limited [2025] EWHC 1247 (Ch), the court held a landlord could not include retained insurance commissions in billed premiums and ordered repayment. (Source)
To verify:
Request the insurance certificate and premium invoice for the policy year. Confirm the named insured and policy property matches your building. Compare the insurance line item in the reconciliation to the actual premium.
Property tax passthroughs should reflect actual taxes assessed on the parcel your property occupies. Issues arise when landlords allocate taxes from a larger portfolio assessment across multiple properties, when tax abatements received by the landlord are not reflected in the passthrough, or when special assessments unrelated to your property appear in the pool.
To verify:
Request the property tax bill for the assessment year. Confirm the parcel matches your property. Verify the amount in the reconciliation matches the actual bill.
If you pay utilities directly to the utility provider as well as through CAM, you may be double-billed for the same consumption. Also verify that utility charges in the CAM pool cover only common areas, not your leased premises.
To verify:
Identify which utilities appear in your CAM reconciliation. Confirm they are for common areas only. Cross-reference against any utility charges paid directly under your lease. See utility double-billing in CAM.
If your lease has a controllable expense cap, verify that property taxes, insurance, and other explicitly uncontrollable items are excluded from the capped pool before the cap is applied. Applying the cap to uncontrollable expenses is a landlord undercharge. Not applying the cap to controllable expenses is a tenant overcharge.
To verify:
Pull the lease definition of "controllable expenses." Identify which GL categories fall within that definition. Confirm the reconciliation applies the cap only to that pool.
Compare each expense category in the current reconciliation against the same category in the prior-year reconciliation. Any category that increases more than 10% year-over-year, without a corresponding change in property operations that would explain it, warrants written explanation from the landlord.
To verify:
Request the prior-year reconciliation if you do not have it. Build a category-by-category comparison. Flag material variances and request line-item backup for the high-growth categories.
Upload your lease. CAMAudit runs 13 detection rules in under 5 minutes.
Find My Overcharges| Finding | Next Step |
|---|---|
| No issues found | No action required. Document for next year's review. |
| Math errors only (clear overcharge) | Send a dispute letter with your calculation before the dispute deadline. |
| Lease interpretation dispute | Gather all relevant lease provisions and prior year statements. Consider requesting GL backup. |
| Potential capital expense misclassification | Request vendor invoices. If the item qualifies as capital, dispute. |
| Gross-up or cap violation | Request landlord's gross-up worksheet and occupancy records under audit rights clause. |
| Multiple findings across categories | Run a full forensic audit. CAMAudit generates a complete dispute letter draft with lease citations. |
Finding an error on a CAM reconciliation is not the same as having it corrected. The process matters:
First, document the error: write out the lease provision that applies, the figure used in the reconciliation, what the correct figure should be, and the dollar impact. Specificity matters.
Then send a formal dispute letter within the window your lease specifies. Verbal objections do not preserve your rights in most states. The CAM dispute letter template is a useful starting point.
Pay the undisputed portion by the payment deadline while the dispute is pending. Withholding everything can put you in default even if some charges are wrong.
Also request supporting documentation through your audit rights clause: the general ledger backup, occupancy records, and vendor invoices for disputed categories. The CAM reconciliation request template covers exactly what to ask for.
For the full dispute process, see the CAM dispute guide and CAM reconciliation deadlines.